Dozens of opiates and related drugs (sometimes called opioids) have been extracted from the seeds of the opium poppy or synthesized in laboratories. The poppy seed contains morphine and codeine, among other drugs. Synthetic derivatives include hydrocodone (Vicodin), oxycodone (Percodan, OxyContin), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), and heroin (diacetylmorphine). Some synthetic opiates with a different chemical structure but similar effects on the body and brain are propoxyphene (Darvon), meperidine (Demerol), and methadone.

OxyContin, which may be the most recognized form of oxycodone, is a drug with a high abuse potential, and has been linked to a number of overdose deaths. Designed to be slow-release, OxyContin pills are instead crushed and snorted or injected – the drug enters the blood stream and the brain very quickly and in high doses, heightening the risk of overdose.

Constipation is one of the most commonly reported side effects of opiate use. Other common effects include nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, vomiting, dry mouth, itching, headaches, sweating and weakness. Other side effects can include behavior or mood changes, confusion, unsteadiness, slowed heart rate, low blood pressure, irregular or difficult breathing, difficulty with urination, seizures and severe drowsiness.